Topic: Symbolism in The White Tiger
Paper: 13
Paper name: The New Literature
Name: Sagarkumar G. Ladhva
Roll No: 25
Class: MA-III
Semester: 3
Year: 2015-16
E.No:14101022
Submitted to:
Evaluate my assignment:
……………People are animals. –Nietsczhe
Abstract
The purpose of this Assignment is to investigate how Aravind
Adiga has used animal imagery in his award-winning
novel The White Tiger and determine how this narrative device is
effectively linked to its title and the them or use of symbol.The symbols of
animals are normally related to three main ideas: “a mode of transportation, as
an object of sacrifice, and as an inferior form of life.” Aravind Adiga’s use
of animal imagery depicts the dominant but negative qualities of Indian Masters
and servile instincts of the servant class.
I have Read this Novel in Gujarati Translated by DR.
Prsahant Bhimani. He was says that I have lucky to chance translated to once
book who won getting Booker Prize awarded 2008. In translated book starting
with apologue with...
વ્હાઇટ ટાઇગર અર્વિન્દ અડિગાની
પ્રથમ નવલકથા છે.ગગાકિનારાના પ્રદેશના ‘ગયા શહેર પાસેના એક પછાત્ ગામમા, એક તદ્દ્ન
નબળા સામાજિક અને આર્થિક બેકગ્રાઉન્ન્ડમા બલરામ જન્મયોક છે.તે સ્વ્પનદ્દ્ષટા છે.
એને જીવનમા ‘આગળ’ આવવુ છે, અને ‘આગળ’ આવવા માટે ‘કઇ પણ કરવુ પડે’ તેમજ ‘ એવુ ખરાબ
કામ ન થાય ‘ એ બે વેચારિક વિટબણા વચચે – મતલબ ‘યસ’ અને ‘નો’ વચચે – બલરામનો
અંતરાતમા પીસાય છે. મનોવૈગનૈનિક દ્દષટીએ હુ આને ‘ઇડ’ અને ‘સુપર ઇગો’ વચ્ચેના સંઘ્રશ
તરિકે જોઉ છુ
Let’s discus on detail on novel …..
About the author:
Arvind Adiga was born in Madras in 1974 and was raised
partly in Australia. Winner of The Man Booker prize in 2008 for this novel. He
studied at Columbia and Oxford Universities. Adiga began his career as a
financial journalist, interning at the Financial Times. He was hired by TIME,
where he remained a correspondent for three years. During his freelance period,
he wrote The White Tiger. He currently lives in Mumbai, India. In The White
Tiger, Adiga challenges Indian culture to create a society in which individuals
are truly free. Waller argues that the relevance of Adiga's novel is that it is
social structure and practices of hierarchy keep many people in the lower
classes of Indian society and that this state of affairs is counterproductive.
Instead, Adiga's novel suggests that the situation of India's social structure
and its entrenched hierarchy would have to be looked at and that through the
erasure of constraint by society's class hierarchy Indian society could
transform itself. In this novel uses excessive animal imagery with literal,
metaphorical and allegorical meanings.
Other Writers of Indian
Writing in English on the Problems of Peasants and Farmers :
The problems of peasants and farmers have not been a
new subject for Indian readers. Even women writers have dealt with those topics
in detail. Kamala Markandeya is one
such writer with profuse social concern. The titles of her novels such as Rice and Monsoon and Handful of
Rice show her knowledge about agriculture and Indian farmers. In
The Nectar in a Sieve, she portrays how the farmers toil in
the hot sun and harvest rice while the most profited are the landlords and the
financiers. The farmers do not get their share of rice. They accept meager
wages and bear cruel treatment without any resistance
The
White Tiger- Characters:
In
this novel many character like:
•
Balram Halwai
•
Mr. Ashok
•
Pinky Madam
•
Vikram Halwai
•
Kusum
•
Kishan
•
Mr. Krishna
•
The Stork
•
Mukeshsir
•
Wen Jiabao
The
White Tiger- Plot
The entire plot of the novel pivots round the
protagonist. Balram Halwai, a young man born and brought up in a remote village
of Bihar, who narrates his story of life in the form of a letter to a foreign
dignitary, the Chinese Prime-Minister who is on his visit
to Bangalore on an official assignment. In his talk
Halwai begins, tell the Chinese Premier the story of his life. We are
introduced to the poverty of rural Bihar, and the evil of the feudal landlords.
Halwai’s voice sounds like a curious mix of an American teen and a middle-aged
Indian essayist. Here we can all over Plot story around with draw by Arvind
Adiga’s like as:
The
central image of the novel is White Tiger that expresses the character
of the protagonist, Balram, who believes that he is different and a “genetic
anomaly”5 like the white tiger. Aravind Adiga allows Balram to embark on an
enduring journey from a jungle-like village of darkness into a coop-like city
of light, and shatters the deftly fabricated image of India, making conspicuous
of a hypocritical and a haphazard nation, established on a new class system of
discrimination: "In the old days there were one thousand castes and
destinies in India," says Balram. "These
days there are two castes: Men with Big Bellies(મોટી ફાન્દ ધરાવતા)
and Men with Small Bellies( નાની ફાન્દ
ધરાવતા) .”
Symbols In The White Tiger:
There are several symbols and imagery patterns in
Adiga’s “The White Tiger”. It emphasize the huge difference between the Class
(the rich and the poor). Adiga projects the real image of Laxmangarh by using
symbolism and the darker side of India by shifting center the character of
Balram Halwai who murdered his boss Mr. Ashok and he became the entrepreneur.
—
Symbols presented
in The White Tiger are:
Adiga
thematically bears similarities with such writers but differs from them in his
narrative skill and in his generous employment of faunal imagery that gives
“zoomorphic effect “to his novel.
The White Tiger:
— Yang and Yean: According to Chinese Myth
Yang and Yean are energies. One signifies Positive while the other falls for
The Darker Energy.
— Man vs. Nature: The white Tiger “the rarest animal in the jungle as Balram is a rare
man in his village during school. A teacher told
Balram “The white tiger. That’s what you are in this jungle”
Balram
a half-baked and like him many people in India Half- baked because they haven’t
complete their schooling. Balram earns this nickname when he impresses a
visiting school official with his intelligence and reading skills. The white
Tiger “the rarest animal in the jungle. It’s a symbol for rare talent – only 1
in 10,000 Bengali tigers are white.
In The
White Tiger Aravind Adiga prefers using animal motifs as impressive means
to delineate dehumanized genre of people, both the dominant rich and the
servile deprived. His artistic interpretation deserves appreciation when he
attributes animal characteristics to their cravings and exposes their follies.
Similarly
the title of the novel The White Tiger attempts to suggest a good deal of
symbolical values in the book. The White Tiger is associated with many
experiences of the Protagonist. First it was the school inspector who spotted
Balram Halwai as the brightest boy in the school for having answered all his
questions and he called him the white tiger. All his close friends and
associates always addressed him as the white tiger, particularly at moments of
great crisis in life.
According
to in translated this book on Guajarati Language to significant that how can
Balram getting Own name made ‘White Tiger’ as like:
ઇંન્ંસ્પેકટરે
પોતની સોટી મારી તરફ કરી. ‘એય છોકરા આ બદમાશ અને મુર્ખાઓના ટોળામા તુ એક જ
બુધીશાળી, પ્રમાણીક અને ઉત્સાહિ છે. કોઇ પણ જગલ મા ભાગ્યે જ જોવ મળતુ એવુ એકય
પ્રાણી છે કે જે આખી પેઢીમાં પોતે એક્માત્ર જ હોય ?
મે એ વિશે વિચાર્યુ પછિ બોલ્યો :
‘વ્હાઇટ ટાઇગર’
’ બસ એ જ .... તું આ જંગલમાં એક વ્હાઇટ ટાઇગર જ
છે.
Here we saw that many time Adiga referred to White Tiger through given idea
about reality of villainous of village living life or contrast between poor or
richer are differed to only without
education.
The
concept of representing non identity through a naming and lack of naming to
promote societal growth is also present in Virginia Woolf's A Room of One's
Own. Her manner of focusing on nothing as something, while also choosing
arbitrary names for her female narrator and examples, show an uncanny
precedence, to which Adiga's writing becomes a resemblance. Like Ellison's
novel, Woolf's essay predates many changes in women's rights. Woolf changes the
conventions of writing to illustrate that she prefers to have a nonidentity as
a writer.
The Darkness:
Adiga
gives a picturesque but an ironic description of the village, a typical Indian village
paradise‟ (20) with loitering pigs, feathered roosters and buffaloes:
Down
the middle of the road, families of pigs are sniffing through the
sewage-….Vivid red and brown flashes of feather- roosters fly up and down the
roofs of houses. Past the hogs and roosters, you‟ll get to my house-… At the
doorway to my house you‟ll see the most important member of my family.
The water buffalo. She was the fattest thing in our
family…. She was the dictator of our house! (20)
The
villagers in Balram‟s place live in a world that has no value and no luxuries.
Their relationship with animals is so strange. They obstinately dehumanize
themselves and elevate the status of animals. Adiga also Ironically say that, The
ocean brings Light to my country. Every place on the map of India near
the ocean is well off. But [the Ganges] river brings darkness to
India—the black river” (Adiga 12)
Also
Impotent narration to Adiga Symbolize Like there:
અને પછિ મને સમજાયુ : આ જ બનારસમાં બિરાજમાન
સાક્ષાત ‘ઇશવર’ હતા ! ગંગાના આ કાળા કાદવમા બધા મરતા ,કહોવાતા ,પુન્હ્જન્મ પામતા
અને વળી પાછા ત્યા જ મરણ પામતા. હું મરીશ ત્યારે આવુ જ થશે. મને લોકો અહિ લાવીને જ
બાળશે...... પછિ કુતરા ..... આમાંથી કઇ સુધરશે નહિ.....
Now Days Our Indian
Government try to many way to progress in Lighten -Brighten Mode. However,
realty is obviously different from to Shining India. i put one video about Indian shying falsehood like as:
Chandelier
Chandelier is symbol utilised
for ‘light’ in ‘darkness’. It symbolises the richness richness and victorious of life. Balram was a poor
man and he became rich after murdering his boss, Mr. Ashok. The Chandelier is full of small diamond-shaped glass
pieces.It
shows Balram’s struggle to get out from Poverty.
Hanging in Balram’s Bangalore office is a vintage
chandelier. He frequently looks to it for “inspiration,” confessing to
“staring” for long periods of time. The chandelier comes to symbolize the “Light” of Bangalore and
Balram’s new life.
•
It makes me
happy to see the chandelier...Let me buy all the chandeliers I want” (Adiga
98).The chandelier also stands for
richness or showing light in the
life of Balram in Bangalore.
Lizard:
Balram is bothering phobia from a small insect Lizard.
It also symbolizes the darkness.
The lizard represents the fears, cultural values, and
superstitions that trapped Balram in the Darkness, many of which he seems to
still fear hold him back.
Introduced
in the opening chapter lizard symbolizes the darkness, phobia and fear.Lizards are the predators
which scurvier on smaller insects and moths. Lizards are afraid of light so it
signifies their love for darkness. Balram’s actions are similar to lizards because he murders his own boss
which is a darker act. In this novel Adiga define or explain that Lizard
Element narrated that like as:
“Now, you may find it incredible that a boy
in a village would be frightened of a lizard. Rats, snakes, monkeys, and
mongooses don't bother me at all. On the contrary—I love animals. But
lizards…each time I see one, no matter how tiny, it's as if I turn into a girl.
My blood freezes.”
Also
Adiga Very Satirically use language Paradox way o presented or illustrated and
statement like:
The Black Fort:
The Black fort stands on the crest of a hill overlooking the village. The Black Fort is a symbol of the extreme poverty that Balram is in his village Laxmangarh. The Black Fort emphasizes how desperate Balram feels.The architectural centerpiece of Balram's village. As
a child he is afraid to go alone, but he conquers this fear as he gets older.
It later becomes his sanctuary, where he goes to contemplate his misfortune.
The fort is located high on a hill, and as he looks down on his village, he
vows to escape from The Rooster Coop and never to return. The Black Fort is the architectural centerpiece of
Balram's village. As a child he is afraid to go alone, but he conquers this
fear as he gets older. It later becomes his sanctuary, where he goes to
contemplate his misfortune. One day
Balram gets the courage to enter the Black Fort. He says “I leaned out from the edge of the
fort in the direction of my village...I spat. Again and again...Eight months
later I slit Mr. Ashok’s throat” (Adiga 36). Balram broke out of the Black Fort mentally
when he spat on it from it’s the entranceway and broke out from the Black Fort
physically when he killed his master and entered the “Light.” The Black Fort emphasizes how desperate
Balram feels. These images will be shown that how to Adiga Connives for Black
Fort through realism of life or symbolism of casteism include also.
The
Rooster coop:
Balram considers the Rooster coop a unique symbol for the situation of India’s underclass. It is symbolizes master- slave relationship. Balram considers the Rooster coop a unique symbol for the situation of India’s underclass. It is symbolizes master- slave relationship. Balram a typical voice of underclass man who is lived in fictive village Laxmangarh in India.A metaphor Balram employs to describe the Indian servant/master system. One day in the marketplace, Balram sees roosters being slaughtered next to other live, caged roosters. The roosters know they are next, but they do not reel. Balram observes that servants in India remain trapped in servitude – but no one breaks out of the “Rooster Coop” because of family honor. Adiga's narrator reaches this space also metaphorically while simultaneously taking us on a literal journey. His metaphor for the cage society has placed him and the lower classes into the rooster coop, a busy spot in the marketplace: "The roosters in the coop smell the blood from above. Here Adiga Roosters through Symbolize like as:
મહાન
ભારતીય ‘કુકડાનું પાંજરું’ ધ ગ્રેટ ઇન્દિઅન ‘ રૂસ્ટર કુપ’ . તમારા ચીનમાં પણ આવુ
કંઇ છે.? મિ.જીઆબો. અથવા તો તમને એવી કોઇ કોમુનિસટ પાટીની જરુર નથી કે જે લોકોને
ગોલિથિ વીધી નાંખે તેમજ ખાનગી પોલીસ રાત્રે એમના ઘરો પર દરોડા પાડી ને એમને જેલમા
પુરી દે. જેમ મારા સાંભળા મુજ્બ એ તમારે ત્યા છે. અહિ અમારે કોઇ સરમુખ્ત્યારશાહી
નથી. કોઇ ખાનગી પોલીસ નથી.
એ એટલા
માટે કારણ કે અમારે ત્યા પાંજરાં છે.
.............................................................
Here we can find
meaning of Adiga Rooster Coop is connected with master-slave relationship.
All Roosters are trapped in the Coop. When Roosters are together
they feel uncomfortable. When one rooster is taken away to slaughter other
roosters become happy. But the roosters in the coop don’t know that their turn
is the next one.
Delhi city:
Delhi is the place where all the roads look the same,
all of them go around and around grassy circle’ where men are sleeping, or
playing cards, and then four more roads go off from it. So people ‘just keep
getting lost and lost, and lost in Delhi. (119)
Environmental, Soial, Cultural, Political and Moral
drawbacks. Traffic Jam, Corruption and Pollution are such problems which are
chiefly tackled by Adiga.
Adiga
Observation imagery prolongs with Balram‟s Safari from jungle to Delhi, a city
with shopping malls and IT offices. Balram is astonished to see egg shaped cars
scampering with bullock carts carrying chandeliers on Delhi streets with heavy
traffic. Balram realizes that the peripheral appearance of Delhi with its high
economic boom and posh life style of Delhites is only an explicit layer
concealing the cankers infecting the society-
“thanks to all those politicians in
Delhi‟(64).
They
are men mighty, clever and crafty who could outperform their village counterparts.
All
roads look similar in Delhi. People keep getting lost in Delhi. It symbolises
Rich v/s. Poor in the novel. People live on Road side, under large bridges and these homeless people are a particular
problem for drivers and people drive precious cars in
Delhi.
This
is the more luxurious of the 2 cars owned by the Stork's family. When Balram is
1st hired as a driver, he is never allowed to drive this car. When he is
promoted and able to drive the Honda, he feels like he has “made it” in life.
Later in the story, Balram secretly takes the car out at night on his own,
pretending to be wealthy.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, Balram's story is relevant to India's current state of
affairs and its hierarchical society despite attempts to institute change. It
is unclear what, exactly, Balram would like the Chinese premier to do. However,
we gain awareness of a lost people with great potential to change Indian culture:
the relevance of Adiga's The White Tiger and its narration of
Balram's lack of education and his story or the same in the film Slumdog
Millionaire or that of rural peasants in Sijie's novel is that
the lack of education paired with entrenched social hierarchy holds large
numbers back from becoming dynamic individuals.
“The doors were
always open but we were searching for the key.”
It
is allegorically lien a deeper meaning of few words then prove that Arvind
Adiga was symbolically use of language is master key of writing.
Worksites:
•
Reference: Arvind
Adiga’s The White Tiger A Symposium of Critical Response(page no. 132-142)
